Comma operator (,)

Evaluates each operand left to right and returns the value of the last.

Since ES1 Spec ↗

Syntax

expr1, expr2, ..., exprN

Returns

any — The value of the last (rightmost) expression.

Examples

const x = (1, 2, 3);
console.log(x);
Output
3
let a = 0;
const b = (a++, a + 10);
console.log(a, b);
Output
1 11
// Multiple updates in a for loop
for (let i = 0, j = 3; i < j; i++, j--) {
  console.log(i, j);
}
Output
0 3
1 2

Notes

- All operands are evaluated, but only the last value is produced. - Commonly seen in `for` loop update clauses. - Has the lowest precedence; wrap in parentheses when assigning.

Browser & runtime support

EnvironmentSince version
chrome 1.0
firefox 1.0
safari 1.0
edge 12
node 0.10

See also